The whole contents of the Gaia source catalog can be downloaded as separate 61,234 CSV files. Total file size is 556GB.
$ wget --content-disposition -i gaiadr2-gaia_source-csv-url.dat
The column names of psv files are shown below. The details of the table and its columns can be found at Chapter 14.1.1 : GAIA_SOURCE in the Gaia DR2 document.
1 solution_id Solution Identifier long 2 designation Unique source designation (unique across all Data Releases) string 3 source_id Unique source identifier long 4 random_index Random index used to select subsets long 5 ref_epoch Reference epoch double Julian Year 6 ra Right ascension double deg 7 ra_error Standard error of right ascension double mas 8 dec Declination double deg 9 dec_error Standard error of declination double mas 10 parallax Parallax double mas 11 parallax_error Standard error of parallax double mas 12 parallax_over_error Parallax divided by its error float 13 pmra Proper motion in right ascension direction double mas/year 14 pmra_error Standard error of proper motion in right ascension direction double mas/year 15 pmdec Proper motion in declination direction double mas/year 16 pmdec_error Standard error of proper motion in declination direction double mas/year 17 ra_dec_corr Correlation between right ascension and declination float 18 ra_parallax_corr Correlation between right ascension and parallax float 19 ra_pmra_corr Correlation between right ascension and p.m. in r.a. float 20 ra_pmdec_corr Correlation between right ascension and p.m. in declination float 21 dec_parallax_corr Correlation between declination and parallax float 22 dec_pmra_corr Correlation between declination and p.m. in right ascension float 23 dec_pmdec_corr Correlation between declination and p.m. in declination float 24 parallax_pmra_corr Correlation between parallax and p.m. in right ascension float 25 parallax_pmdec_corr Correlation between parallax and p.m. in declination float 26 pmra_pmdec_corr Correlation between p.m. in r.a. and p.m. in declination float 27 astrometric_n_obs_al Total number of observations AL int 28 astrometric_n_obs_ac Total number of observations AC int 29 astrometric_n_good_obs_al Number of good observations AL int 30 astrometric_n_bad_obs_al Number of bad observations AL int 31 astrometric_gof_al Goodness of fit statistic of model wrt along-scan observations float 32 astrometric_chi2_al AL chi-square value float 33 astrometric_excess_noise Excess noise of the source double mas 34 astrometric_excess_noise_sig Significance of excess noise double 35 astrometric_params_solved Which parameters have been solved for? byte 36 astrometric_primary_flag Primary or seconday boolean 37 astrometric_weight_al Mean astrometric weight of the source float mas^-2 38 astrometric_pseudo_colour Astrometrically determined pseudocolour of the source double um^-1 39 astrometric_pseudo_colour_error Standard error of the pseudocolour of the source double um^-1 40 mean_varpi_factor_al Mean Parallax factor AL float 41 astrometric_matched_observations Matched FOV transits used in the AGIS solution short 42 visibility_periods_used Number of visibility periods used in Astrometric solution short 43 astrometric_sigma5d_max The longest semi-major axis of the 5-d error ellipsoid float mas 44 frame_rotator_object_type The type of the source mainly used for frame rotation int 45 matched_observations Amount of observations matched to this source short 46 duplicated_source Source with duplicate sources boolean 47 phot_g_n_obs Number of observations contributing to G photometry int 48 phot_g_mean_flux G band mean flux double e-s^-1 49 phot_g_mean_flux_error Error on G band mean flux double e-s^-1 50 phot_g_mean_flux_over_error G-band mean flux divided by its error float 51 phot_g_mean_mag G band mean magnitude double mag 52 phot_bp_n_obs Number of observations contributing to BP photometry int 53 phot_bp_mean_flux BP band mean flux double e-s^-1 54 phot_bp_mean_flux_error Error on BP band mean flux double e-s^-1 55 phot_bp_mean_flux_over_error Integrated BP mean flux divided by its error float 56 phot_bp_mean_mag BP band mean magnitude double mag 57 phot_rp_n_obs Number of observations contributing to RP photometry int 58 phot_rp_mean_flux RP band mean flux double e-s^-1 59 phot_rp_mean_flux_error Error on RP band mean flux double e-s^-1 60 phot_rp_mean_flux_over_error Integrated RP mean flux divided by its error float 61 phot_rp_mean_mag RP band mean magnitude double mag 62 phot_bp_rp_excess_factor BP/RP excess factor float 63 phot_proc_mode Photometry processing mode byte 64 bp_rp BP - RP colour float mag 65 bp_g BP - G colour float mag 66 g_rp G - RP colour float mag 67 radial_velocity Radial velocity double km/s 68 radial_velocity_error Radial velocity error double km/s 69 rv_nb_transits Number of transits used to compute radial velocity int 70 rv_template_teff Teff of the template used to compute radial velocity float K 71 rv_template_logg logg of the template used to compute radial velocity float log(cgs) 72 rv_template_fe_h Fe/H of the template used to compute radial velocity float dex 73 phot_variable_flag Photometric variability flag string 74 l Galactic longitude double deg 75 b Galactic latitude double deg 76 ecl_lon Ecliptic longitude double deg 77 ecl_lat Ecliptic latitude double deg 78 priam_flags flags for the Apsis-Priam results long 79 teff_val stellar effective temperature float K 80 teff_percentile_lower teff_val lower uncertainty float K 81 teff_percentile_upper teff_val upper uncertainty float K 82 a_g_val line-of-sight extinction in the G band, A_G float mag 83 a_g_percentile_lower a_g_val lower uncertainty float mag 84 a_g_percentile_upper a_g_val upper uncertainty float mag 85 e_bp_min_rp_val line-of-sight reddening E(BP-RP) float mag 86 e_bp_min_rp_percentile_lower e_bp_min_rp_val lower uncertainty float mag 87 e_bp_min_rp_percentile_upper e_bp_min_rp_val upper uncertainty float mag 88 flame_flags Flags for the Apsis-FLAME results long 89 radius_val stellar radius float SolarRadius 90 radius_percentile_lower radius_val lower uncertainty float SolarRadius 91 radius_percentile_upper radius_val upper uncertainty float SolarRadius 92 lum_val stellar luminosity float SolarLuminosity 93 lum_percentile_lower lum_val lower uncertainty float SolarLuminosity 94 lum_percentile_upper lum_val upper uncertainty float SolarLuminosity
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